Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic Sources

We are blessed to live in an era where God’s Word can be viewed through a vast collection of ancient sources. We believe that these original language sources serve to strengthen and support each other by their amazing consistency across thousands of years and thousands of miles.

The Scriptures in their original form are God’s inerrant word to us and to all generations. Scholars have sought to reconstruct these Scriptures by collating the manuscripts and sources deemed to be closest to the originals. For simplicity, we have footnoted significant variants between major collections of source texts. The following abbreviations are used in the footnotes to document differences among original language sources:

Greek and Hebrew Sources

NA

Nestle Aland, Novum Testamentum Graece

SBL

Society of Biblical Literature, Greek New Testament

ECM

Editio Critica Maior, Novum Testamentum Graecum

NE

Eberhard Nestle Novum Testamentum Graece

WH

Westcott and Hort, New Testament in the Original Greek

BYZ

The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform

GOC

Greek Orthodox Church, New Testament

TR

Scrivener’s Textus Receptus
Stephanus Textus Receptus

DSS

Dead Sea Scrolls

MT

Hebrew Masoretic Text: Westminster Leningrad Codex
Hebrew Masoretic Text: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia

LXX

Greek OT Septuagint: Rahlfs-Hanhart Septuaginta
Greek OT Septuagint: Swete’s Septuagint

SP

Samaritan Pentateuch